Cutting Characteristics of Machinable Ceramic Materials

1. Tool wear

(1) Tool material

Although machinable ceramic materials can be machined with metal cutting tools, there is still serious tool wear phenomenon.

(2) Wear form

When turning fluorophlogopite ceramics, tool wear mainly occurs at the back face and tip. During the end face turning process of hard alloy cutting tools, the main cutting edge mainly participates in the work, thus forming obvious wear bands on the main and rear cutting surfaces. Generally, the wear of the rear cutting surface starts from the main cutting edge near the tool tip and gradually extends along the main cutting edge.

Abrasive wear is the most common form of tool wear in the turning process of fluorophlogopite glass-ceramic. The wear surface of the tool back shows obvious plow like marks. It is a scratch formed by the friction contact between high hardness mica grains and the tool surface, which belongs to typical abrasive wear. The hardness of Hardness of fluorophlogopite is relatively high, which is equivalent to the hardness of YW type cemented carbide tool. During the machining process, between the friction surfaces of the two, the material to be machined forms a reverse cutting effect on the tool, so the wear surface of the tool forms grooves.

Similarly, obvious abrasive wear can also be observed on the surface of high-speed steel tools. Although Si3N4 ceramic tool materials have higher hardness than fluorophlogopite ceramics, surface scratches can still be observed. The above results show that abrasive wear is a common phenomenon in machining fluorophlogopite ceramics. The main reason is that the hardness of fluorophlogopite ceramic material is high, and the high hardness grains distributed in the material are formed by the reverse cutting effect of the cutting tool.

3) Cooling

In the turning process of fluorophlogopite glass-ceramic, the cooling condition is one of the important factors affecting tool wear.

2. Cutting force

For the cutting process of machinable glass ceramic materials, the largest of the three cutting forces is the back force.

3. Cutting surface

For machinable ceramic materials, the microstructure design of weak interfaces improves the machinability of the material, and the machining damage of machinable ceramic materials is relatively small.

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